Actualización en el conocimiento del microbioma en el asma
Resumen
Dentro de los nuevos avances en el estudio del asma, no cabe duda que uno de los más interesantes es la implicación del microbioma, tanto pulmonar como intestinal, en el desarrollo, progresión y pronóstico de la enfermedad. A raíz de las nuevas técnicas de secuenciación masiva de genes independientes de cultivo, hemos podido conocer, no sólo qué tipo de gérmenes habitan el pulmón del paciente con asma, sino cómo esta diversidad, tanto de bacterias, virus y hongos, interactúa con el sistema inmune. Parece lógico pensar que modificaciones de la disbiosis que se produce en el microbioma del paciente con asma, ya sea a través de la dieta o de productos como los probióticos, pueden ayudar a mejorar el control, la gravedad o la progresión de la enfermedad. Incluso, una actuación específica sobre el microbioma en edades tempranas de la vida podría interferir en el desarrollo de la enfermedad.
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