Revista del año en asma 2015

Silvia Pascual Erquicia

Resumen


El objetivo de esta revisión ha sido resumir las publicaciones más relevantes del 2015 sobre asma. Se han descrito nuevas características genotípicas y fenotípicas asociadas a la enfermedad. El efecto transgeneracional del humo del tabaco y el instrumentalismo en los partos ha contribuido al aumento de la prevalencia de asma en las últimas décadas. Emplear nuevos dispositivos inhalatorios puede mejorar el control de la enfermedad y se están desarrollando nuevas vías para formulaciones terapéuticas de rescate. Tiotropio ha mostrado los mejores resultados en el subgrupo de pacientes con asma grave. Se están estudiando diferentes moléculas que actúen como corticoides disociados para disminuir los efectos adversos de estos fármacos, así como fármacos biológicos que actúan en diferentes vías de la inflamación y otras estrategias terapéuticas. En el abordaje del paciente asmático se debería incidir en aspectos que han demostrado estar estrechamente relacionados con el control de la enfermedad, como son la actividad física y la composición corporal. Los programas de manejo de enfermedades crónicas que se centran en las necesidades de los asmáticos, integrando y coordinando diversos profesionales de la salud, han demostrado mejorar la calidad de vida, la severidad y la función pulmonar de los pacientes con asma.

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Referencias


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